Chapter 929 Electric Heavy Truck
“You, the top leader, also have to swipe your card?”
“Yes, I have to swipe my card too.” Cong Ju said, “Mr. Qin, I’ll buy some of you meals.”
Qin Tao looked at Alexeyeva and others again. They were also preparing meals, and the meal cards they used were different from those in Cong Ju’s hand.
"Outsiders use temporary meal cards to eat. We do this to avoid outsiders coming to eat. After all, our canteen is not for profit. It even needs subsidies. If outsiders know that we are cheap here, they will come in droves. Yes, that’s not appropriate.”
It’s like the Ten Yuan Guanfeng in later generations. It was originally designed to meet the needs of migrant workers. Unexpectedly, a large number of people came to take advantage of it. Some people even packed up meals for more than a dozen people and took them away. This is human nature.
Alexeyeva and the others use the place here as a testing ground, but they are not from the shipyard, they are from the Fourth Design Office. Of course, they have to spend money for food, and there is no subsidy of 300 yuan, dear. Brothers still have to settle accounts.
“Well, yes, your method is very good, and it will be extended to the entire group in the future!” Qin Tao said affirmatively: “When the group holds a summary meeting at the end of the year, you will make this report.”
Cong Ju was a little surprised: "Mr. Qin, is such a trivial matter worth reporting on?"
"Of course, a report must be made." Qin Tao said: "As the scale of our group is getting bigger and bigger, there will always be people who want to eat from the big pot, so sooner or later we will be eaten up. We really need to improve."
If the group does not improve, there will be no development or progress. This is necessary.
"good."
After finishing the meal, several people sat together with plates. Qin Tao saw that his wife only made one portion of scrambled eggs with tomatoes, and couldn't help but shake his head: "Xiaoling, why are you just eating this, and you are afraid of eating Sister Cong Ju?" Are you poor? Come and eat this chicken drumstick."
Qin Tao put the chicken legs on Zhao Ling's dinner plate.
Zhao Ling looked at the chicken legs and put them on Alexeyeva's plate: "Alexeyeva, you are the head of our fourth design department and the general person in charge of our ground-effect aircraft. You have to take care of yourself and eat a chicken drumstick to replenish your health."
Qin Tao then noticed that there was only a plate of shredded potatoes on Alexeyeva's plate.
Cong Ju was also a little embarrassed. Was she too harsh? Should we also provide a monthly subsidy of 300 yuan to guests from these brother units?
Cong Ju is usually busy and has rarely had dinner with Alexeyeva and the others. I wonder if Alexeyeva is so simple, does she spend all her money on research and development? Do you have to save money on eating?
Alexeyeva realized that everyone was looking at her, and then she reacted: "Our living expenses are enough. You can eat whatever you want here. I like to eat shredded potatoes. Over there, potatoes can only be boiled." As a staple food, I didn’t expect that potatoes can also be eaten as a dish in the East. I have a special liking for shredded potatoes. I came to the canteen early today. The shredded potatoes have just been made and they taste the best, so I ordered them. A big portion of shredded potatoes.”
After finishing speaking, she felt that it was not enough and continued: "We live a good life here. The shipyard provides us with good accommodation and can eat such cheap and delicious meals. We are grateful to the shipyard."
She was afraid that Mr. Qin would misunderstand her. What if Mr. Qin misunderstood her? He also did it on purpose. He deliberately pretended to be poor in front of Mr. Qin and insulted Cong Ju. This was absolutely not okay. He didn't mean it.
“Well, I understand, you can eat the chicken legs.” Qin Tao said.
Alexeyeva did not hesitate, grabbed the chicken leg with her hands, and took a bite: "It's delicious, not bad! I've been coming to the East for many years, and the food I'm most satisfied with is the food in the East!"
Anyone who comes to the East will fall in love with Eastern food, and they will never get tired of it even after eating it for several years.
After dinner, everyone left the shipyard that afternoon, entered Huating along the cross-river bridge, and came to Golden Sun Company.
Ma Ming and others are still participating in sea trials on the aircraft carrier. Although they have conducted many complete experiments on land, they still have to go through some tests on the aircraft carrier. If they encounter problems, they can easily eliminate them immediately.
The person who received Qin Tao was Zhao Gang, the engineer who stayed here. After hearing Qin Tao's request, he immediately introduced him.
"If you want to drive a ducted propeller, it is best to use a high-speed motor." Zhao Gang said: "Currently, the motors used in our electric vehicles have achieved a performance of 20,000 rpm. The main factor limiting the motor speed is The rotor of weight."
Qin Tao opened his eyes wide in surprise: "What did you say? One hundred thousand revolutions? How is this possible?"
The maximum speed of the electric motor is more than 10,000 rpm. Therefore, in the car modification industry, electric turbines are considered an IQ tax. In order to increase power for their cars, some people decide to install external turbines. If they cannot handle exhaust gas turbocharging, then To build an electric turbine, there are a lot of them on Taobao, claiming how much horsepower it can increase, etc., and they also provide a package of projects such as brushing the ECU.
But in reality, adding this electric turbine has no effect other than psychological comfort.
The electric motor is limited by its own characteristics. The maximum speed is 10,000 rpm, while the supercharger needs a speed of 50,000, 60,000 or even hundreds of thousands of rpm to blow in enough air. In fact, when the engine is at high speed, During the operation phase, this electric turbine will also have a counterproductive effect and hinder the operation of the engine. The reason is very simple: it does not rotate fast enough, so when the engine takes in air, it will also accelerate the electric turbine, which is equivalent to the engine pushing the turbine to rotate. , instead of a turbine blowing air into the engine.
How do luxury cars use electric turbines? The answer is that they use twin turbines to reduce the delay of turbine intervention. They use electric turbines at low speeds and exhaust gas supercharging at high speeds.
Is this determined by the basic characteristics of the motor, or can a DC motor rotate so fast? If it is an AC motor, the speed is determined by the AC frequency and the number of windings, which are fixed values. If 50 Hz AC is used in China, the maximum speed is 3,000. rpm.
Now, how could Qin Tao not be shocked when he heard the number one hundred thousand revolutions.
"If we want to improve the performance of electric vehicles, we can only find ways in this aspect. We need to reduce the weight of the electric motor, improve performance, and thus increase endurance. Moreover, the future of electric vehicle development is in-wheel motors, so our weight is naturally The lower the better.”
Traditional electric car manufacturers just stack batteries and want a driving range of 500 kilometers? Okay, add a battery and have a range of 1,000 kilometers? Okay, go ahead and add the battery, after all this is simple! However, if it increases to a certain level, the weight of the battery will offset the increase in power, the battery life will remain unchanged, and the car will become heavier.
Another aspect is to improve technology. On the one hand, it is to increase the energy density of the battery. If it is doubled, the battery life will be doubled while the weight remains unchanged. On the other hand, it is to improve the performance of the motor.
The electric motor also has weight. Reducing this weight can also improve the range. When it is reduced to a certain level, it can be stuffed into the wheel hub!
When electric bicycles first appeared, they also used an electric motor to drive the chain through a reduction gear and then drive the wheels. However, after it developed to a certain extent, it was integrated into the wheel hub, which is the simplest and most convenient.
What about the car?
Cars still use the method of transmitting the electric motor to the wheel hub through the reduction gear and the output drive shaft. This is also helpless, because electric cars require stronger performance, so the electric motor is very large. If it is integrated into the wheel, it will Greatly increases unsprung mass.
The tires and the car body are softly connected, and there are various buffer systems in the middle. When the wheels bump, the buffer systems will come into play. Whether it is the simplest leaf spring or a tall air suspension, we all hope that the mass of the wheel is smaller. , which can reduce the burden of buffering.
So, if you want to put the motor of an electric car into the wheel, you have to reduce the weight. Increasing the speed is an obvious way to reduce the weight. This is the same as a tank engine. If you want to increase power, you need to increase the speed.
"For electric vehicles, at least two in-wheel motors are needed, each with 70 kilowatts, which is 140 kilowatts. The power is enough for high-performance cars. For ordinary family cars, the power can be halved, so that the hub only needs to be increased As long as it weighs five kilograms, this weight is nothing to a wheel." Zhao Gang continued to introduce.
“You’re doing a great job! How did you achieve this performance?”
"Our current electric vehicles use permanent magnet synchronous motors. The rotor of this motor is made of strong magnetic material. This material has low mechanical strength and will disintegrate if it rotates too fast. Therefore, we have studied a new The material improves the mechanical strength of the rotor and prevents it from disintegrating even at 100,000 revolutions. At the same time, we also use suspension bearings from aircraft engines to meet the needs of high speeds."
Speaking of these, Zhao Gang talked endlessly.
“In other words, in terms of electric vehicles, we are developing in the direction of reducing weight, increasing speed, and using in-wheel motors?” Qin Tao asked.
"This is just one of the technical routes." Zhao Gang said: "We also have another technical route, which you have already proposed. A large number of electric vehicles are needed in foreign mines. Therefore, we have also created a special technical route for heavy trucks and Large automotive motors used in other vehicles.”
Heavy Truck?
Qin Tao was even more shocked now. Yes, he did bring it up, but he forgot about it after he brought it up. Who would have thought that research had already started here!
"Are there results already? Can I go and see?" Qin Tao had long forgotten the purpose of coming here. Although Alexeyeva also came with him, seeing how enthusiastic he was, Of course, we couldn't discount his interest, so we followed Zhao Ling and others to the R&D department of Golden Sun Company.
The scale of Golden Sun Company has long been expanded many times, and it also has a dedicated electric vehicle production plant. The R&D department is also carrying out multiple projects at the same time, which is very lively.
In one of the workshops, a tall heavy truck appeared.
The side of the front of the truck shows a diamond shape, the whole shape is angular, the windows are not very big, and the sleeper in the back is even narrower. Whenever you see this kind of truck, all those familiar with it will blurt out: Steyr!
Qin Tao is of course no exception: "Did you use Steyr to improve it?"
“No, this is not Steyr, this is our Oron.” said a technician who was busy on the car.
Olong? This is clearly Steyr.
The technician jumped down: "In the past, we did produce Steyr trucks, but two thousand years later, we only produce Ohlon, but we can be sure that only our Shaanxi Automobile is the most authentic .”
Qin Tao reacted: "The family is separated?"
This is a touching history.
In the 1980s, in order to change the history of lack of heavy trucks in China, we began to go abroad for inspections. The first thing we fell in love with was Mercedes-Benz. Unfortunately, Mercedes-Benz was not popular in the East, so we found the little-known Steyr. Facts have proved that this is very good. Pragmatically, from then on, Steyr trucks took root in the East and bore numerous fruits.
After the introduction at that time, we originally planned to set up Sanqi Automobile, but later we did not do it and divided it among the three manufacturers that were engaged in heavy duty trucks at that time. They were all brothers and we should work together. So we established a joint venture company of China Heavy Duty Truck to digest and absorb it together. Steyr technology.
However, in the 1990s, due to fierce competition, the conflicts between them became more and more serious. By the year 2000, the three families were officially separated.
In terms of scale, the Huanghe plant is the best, but in terms of quality, Shaanxi Automobile has never given up. Their Weichai engines, Fast gearboxes, and Hande axles, these technologies are combined together to make them absolutely strong and durable. .
However, the Steyr they produced could no longer be called Steyr. This trademark was robbed by Huanghe Factory, so they created DeLonghi.
The car in front of me is an authentic Delonghi truck. On the front of the car, the Shaanxi Automobile Delonghi logo is shining brightly.
"Yes, the Huanghe Plant has fallen out with Weichai now. It doesn't even have an engine. Our Shaanxi Automobile is the best. Moreover, we are also looking forward. When we heard that we are going to build electric trucks, we came over to join in the fun. ”
It is difficult to obtain the qualifications to produce cars. It took Golden Sun a long time to solve this problem, but it still can only produce passenger cars and cannot produce commercial vehicles. Moreover, the technology of commercial vehicles needs to be reinvented, and they do not have the strength.
In this case, joint development with domestic heavy truck manufacturers became a shortcut. Shaanxi Automobile was the first to find it, so it modified it based on Delonghi.
The front part of this car is still the same as before, but the original engine is removed, and the engine is changed into a motor, which continues to drive the gearbox at the back, drives the transmission shaft, and transmits the transmission to the rear.
When seeing these things, Qin Tao shook his head helplessly. This design is equivalent to the most primitive electric truck, which uses oil instead of electricity.
"This design is too backward." Qin Tao shook his head: "The electric motor is not large and cannot occupy such a large space under the cab. Moreover, a transmission shaft is needed at the back to transmit power. This is a tractor now. , the transmission shaft is not very long. If it is an ordinary truck, the transmission shaft is very long, which will inevitably cause power loss."
“Yes, Mr. Qin, this is indeed a problem, but we don’t have the energy to develop in-wheel motors now, so we can’t rush and have to take our time,” Zhao Gang said.
"Electric heavy trucks do need a gearbox, but they do not need the multi-speed gearbox of the fuel vehicle era. Four gears are enough. After all, the speed of our electric motors is very wide, and we can also develop electronic control systems. , that is, an automatic transmission, which does not require manual operation by the driver, otherwise it would be too difficult to train.”
Heavy trucks in this era have at least a 9-speed gearbox, and most have 12-speed or even 16-speed gearboxes. After all, the engine speed is two to three thousand rpm, and the economical speed range is several hundred rpm, so a multi-speed gearbox is needed. Let the engine always work in the optimal economic range.
However, there is no need for an electric motor. This thing can easily turn tens of thousands of times. Cars do not need a gearbox at all. Heavy trucks can add a gearbox for heavy-load starting, etc., but four gears are enough, and they are not used at all. Not having so many gears is just a waste.
“Then, the electric motor and gearbox can be integrated into the axle.” Qin Tao said: “This is the most appropriate way to develop an integrated power system.”
The technician from Shaanxi Automobile who just refuted Qin Tao also opened his eyes wide: "Yes, if it is integrated, it will be much more convenient. You only need to add one kind of gear oil! Your suggestion is very good. , do you have any suggestions for other aspects?”
Qin Tao looked at the iron frame welded behind the cab: "Are you planning to put the battery pack behind the cab?"
"Yes."
“This is not appropriate. I suggest placing it on the chassis, where the fuel tank is, or even where the original engine is. This way, in the event of an accident, the cab can be moved backward as a whole.”
It is very scary if an accident happens to a heavy truck, so it has developed a unique skill: the whole moves backward, and the cab is suspended at two or four points. Under a violent impact, these four points break at the same time, and the whole moves backward. This ensures the safety of people in the cab.
But in the era of natural gas vehicles, a gas tank was added to the back, so this life-saving method was no longer useful. Later, when electric vehicles were also used in this way, it was even less suitable.
It is more appropriate to put it on the chassis. In this way, it becomes a dedicated electric truck layout instead of the original oil-to-electricity.
“Mr. Qin, what you mentioned requires special research and development, and we don’t have time at all. Now we plan to export electric heavy trucks to relevant customers within a year, so how can we have time to develop these.”
"Export?" Qin Tao nodded immediately: "It doesn't matter if you export it, it must be good for personal use!"
(End of this chapter)