"Humph, what's the big deal about having a few stealth aircraft? Taking advantage of this opportunity, we will send F-22 fighters there. As long as they enter the area this time, they will never exit again!" Someone painted In the white room, a voice said coldly.
"Yes, they only have single-engine stealth aircraft. They have no supersonic cruise and no super maneuverability. The only thing they have is stealth. They are not considered fourth-generation aircraft at all. Our F-22 is the real Only with this kind of fourth-generation aircraft can we shock them and let them know who has the final say in this world!"
“Do you think there will be similar aircraft in the East?” At this moment, a worried voice sounded.
"Of course it's impossible." The first person who proposed it said immediately: "Dongfang doesn't have this capability at all. After all, they still lack a lot of aviation technology. They may combine two J-35s together. , we have built a twin-engine J-35, but this is definitely not comparable to our F-22."
It is not possible to achieve the so-called 4S performance by combining two engines together. It is also impossible to achieve the effect of one plus one being greater than two by stacking the two fighter jets together. There are many technical problems in this.
For example, engines, although the thrust of the two engines is large, they are also heavy. If the thrust-to-weight ratio of the engines does not reach 10, then even if more engines are added, the aircraft will not be able to cruise at supersonic speeds or have super maneuverability. France's Except for gusty winds.
Dongfang has indeed caught up in some technologies, but it is still lagging behind in some technical fields. Take aviation engines as an example. This thing tests the accumulation of technology and cannot be achieved overnight. Dongfang can imitate the R79 and make There is a turbofan 15 that can be used in fourth-generation stealth aircraft. However, if you develop it yourself, the thing you get will not necessarily be better than the turbofan 15, especially in terms of reliability, it may be much weaker.
“Who did you listen to?”
"Zhang Zhong, Zhang Zhong once specifically talked about this project in the previous episodes. Dongfang really wants to build a new heavy-duty fourth-generation stealth fighter, but it is just a thought. The United States has been working on it for so many years before it can The -22 was not mature enough, and because it was too expensive, less than two hundred were produced. As the economy in the East developed, it was absolutely impossible to build such a heavy-duty fifth-generation aircraft. At most, it would be two J-35s. We can work together to create a modified J-35, but it will still be impossible to achieve supersonic cruise and super maneuverability."
The Zhang Zhongshuo program is the most professional and authoritative military program in the East. It has a large audience all over the world. Even in the United States, the source of intelligence for many people is the Zhang Zhongshuo program.
At this time, after hearing his words, everyone present became excited.
“That’s right, their economy has just developed. Chicken farts are less than one-tenth of ours. They have no ability to develop advanced fighter jets!”
“Our F-22 is the most advanced!”
"Do you think we should change the classification of aircraft? Those European fighters are also clamoring that except for their stealth, everything else is the same as our fourth-generation aircraft. The East has stealth fighters, but other aspects are ordinary. We Should we characterize the F-22 as a fifth-generation aircraft? All the others are fourth-generation aircraft, and only our F-22 is the world’s first and only fifth-generation aircraft?”
"Can!"
Zhang Zhong’s identity as a strategic deceiver is already known to everyone, but there are still many people who firmly believe in Zhang Zhong’s statement.
Just when the Americans were thinking about defining their F22 as a fifth-generation aircraft, in the east, in the morning light, a fighter plane was slowly dragged out of the hangar.
The appearance of the aircraft is yellow and has no stealth coating. It looks like a big yellow duck.
That’s right, it looks like a duck, because it is a fighter plane with a canard layout!
The diamond-shaped nose is made smoother, so that the fold line on the top of the nose is not very clear. The air inlets on both sides of the bottom are just against the sides of the diamond, with two bulges. This is the famous DSI Intake duct.
Above the nose is a single-seat cockpit. The entire cockpit cover is flipped backwards. Although there is a partition frame in front, this partition frame only serves as a reinforcement and does not separate to form a fixed windshield. The overall bubble canopy of the F-16 is the same.
Through the windshield, you can see the green diffraction HUD inside and the half-exposed ejection seat.
On the line above the air intake, extending past is the canard.
The canards of the J-10 are above the main wing, forming an up-and-down staggered structure. This is to take advantage of vortices and reduce transonic drag. The mid-mounted canard layout was once considered the best canard.
But on the J-20, this design changed. In order to pursue the stealth effect, the wing roots of the canards and the main wing must be on the same horizontal plane, so as to reduce the radar reflection area.
At the same height, if you want to reduce transonic drag, the canards must be turned upwards and the main wings must be turned downwards. This achieves a good balance between stealth and aerodynamic efficiency.
However, this will also cause the problem of insufficient utilization of vortices. After all, the distance between the canard and the main wing is quite far. Therefore, the canard is moved backwards, and an extra edge is added to the fuselage before reaching the main wing!
The size of this wing is very large, larger than the small wing on the Typhoon. It is a completely independent main vortex generator.
This aerodynamic layout is very complex. The vortex lift of the aircraft mainly comes from the side vortex and the main wing leading edge vortex, and the canard in front is not idle either. The vortex generated by the canard can induce the fusion and superposition of the first two to enhance the canard. The layout of the slatted wings is stronger than the simple slats and the simple canard wings, which greatly improves the maneuverability of the fighter aircraft!
When our engine is not strong enough, we have to use aerodynamic layout to make up for it!
The design of the entire front fuselage is eye-catching, and the rear fuselage also has great features. For example, the two outwardly inclined V-shaped vertical fins are not ordinary vertical fins, but full-motion vertical fins! The entire vertical fin is a rudder surface, which is fully movable. The advantage of this is that the entire rudder surface can generate aerodynamic torque, which greatly reduces the area of the vertical fin, and the two rudder surfaces can not only move in the same direction, but also move differentially. , to achieve more functions.
In addition to the vertical tail, it also has ventral fins, which poke under the vertical tail and form an inverted V shape. The area is small, but it can provide more control capabilities.
That’s right, these pelvic fins are also movable!
The design of the entire aircraft is similar to that of the MiG 1.44, including canards, side strips, leading edge maneuverable flaps, main wings, trailing edge flaps, ailerons, full-motion vertical fins, ventral fins, and a rotatable aerodynamic rudder surface. Reached 16! At the same time, there are at least five kinds of vortices, which simply use everything that can be used in human aviation technology.
These technologies have brought the J-20 powerful maneuverability, but also brought terrible integration difficulties. If you want to take advantage of these, the complexity of the flight control law is unimaginable, and the writing of the flight control is also extremely difficult. Difficult, you know, most of these rudder surfaces are non-linear!
If you look from the direction of the nose of the aircraft, you can see that the aircraft is very wide and the entire aircraft is a huge flying body.
Seeing such a fighter plane appear in front of him, Qin Tao's mood was very complicated.
But someone is happy.
A large group of leaders from the Air Force came. Mr. Lin, who had retired to work on the 20th Air Force, also came. When he saw Qin Tao, he ran over immediately.
"Another of our shortcomings in the aviation industry has been filled." Qin Tao said: "Our Mingzhou Group can only develop a medium-sized aircraft at most. Such a big thing, we still have to fly to do it!" J-30 The maneuverability of the A-series aircraft is actually not high. After all, it is a single-engine aircraft. It focuses on stealth and can be used all over the world with one move. Of course, this low maneuverability is compared to the fourth-generation aircraft. If it is compared with other third-generation aircraft, Compared with the machine, fighting and other things are still no problem.
The F-22 is the world's first fourth-generation heavy-duty aircraft. The highly praised 4S capability is still very strong. This aircraft is specially designed for air control!
"We have also received a lot of support from you in our research and development. You are the one who built the front fuselage. Its stealth performance is quite good. We also built the rear rudder. In this way, we have achieved great results in both stealth and maneuverability. Breakthrough progress, even if there is no vector nozzle, we are still confident to have a close combat with the F-22!"
Another voice sounded, and the gray-haired Mr. Song came over.
At the beginning, the Mingzhou Group came up with the J-31A. The appearance of this aircraft immediately embarrassed Song Lao’s J-10 status. The J-10 had good performance, especially its high maneuverability and was easy to fight at close range. However, After all, there is no invisibility.
Although the J-10 has a small amount of equipment, Mr. Song is not discouraged. He urgently needs to research advanced fighters. The Mingzhou Group is developing medium-sized aircraft, and the heavy-duty aircraft has to be left to Chengdu! This aircraft needs to be benchmarked against the F22, and its performance must be better than that of the F22!
I don’t know how many days and nights I spent, and I don’t know how many wind tunnels I blew through. Mr. Song didn’t have a good night’s sleep in these years, and he finally succeeded in tinkering with this airplane!
Back then, when the J-10 made its first flight, everyone was very worried, for fear of any accidents. But now, when the J-20 makes its first flight, everyone no longer has any worries or doubts, because everyone is full of confidence!
“We don’t have a vector nozzle yet?” Mr. Lin was stunned.
"Yes, not yet. We are still developing it. If the lifespan is not up to standard, we will not install it. However, our flight control has made reservations. In the future, as long as the lifespan of the vector nozzle is sufficient, we will It can be relaunched and the aircraft’s maneuverability will be improved to the next level.”
A normal aircraft tail nozzle only blows air backwards to provide power to the aircraft. Maneuverability is achieved by various rudder surfaces. However, the vector nozzle means that the nozzle is moveable. By changing the direction of the engine jet wake, the aircraft can be maneuvered. Planes are more maneuverable.
For example, if the aircraft wants to climb upward, it can not only use the horizontal tail rudder to pry off the tail and raise the nose of the plane, but also rotate the nozzle upward to blow the air upward, making it easier for the nose of the plane to climb. The shorter the time it takes to **** it, the more sensitive the aircraft will be.
One of the hallmarks of fourth-generation aircraft is super maneuverability, which requires vector nozzles to function.
The F-22 engine is equipped with a binary vector nozzle, which is actually a simple baffle. The airflow can only be deflected up and down. It looks like a rectangular structure. Lao Maozi has always valued mobility, and he has long developed a three-dimensional vector nozzle. The nozzle can not only move up and down, but also move left and right. It is also called an omnidirectional nozzle. It looks round in appearance and is no different from a conventional nozzle. , but the nozzle is divided into many pieces, each piece has a special hydraulic rod control, so that the entire nozzle can change the angle in any direction.
However, the high-temperature and high-pressure airflow ejected by the engine poses a great threat to the nozzle. The nozzle can still withstand it if it is fixed. If the nozzle is movable, it means that the service life is very poor.
Ah San has the best say on this point. When Dongfang bought the Su-30MKK, Ah San will buy the Su-30MKI. The performance must be better than that of Dongfang. All fancy things must be added, such as canards and vector nozzles. , it doesn’t matter if you have a little more budget.
Lao Maozi is also very good at deceiving, claiming that the life of the matching AL-31FP engine vector nozzle is 250 hours, and can be extended to 500 hours after upgrading. Ah San thinks this lifespan is not bad. After all, Uncle San’s engine lifespan is only a few hundred hours? But once they got the plane, the nightmare began.
What is 250? Asan himself is 250! Their Su-30MKI fighter must perform maintenance on the vector nozzle after 20 hours of flight, and it must be replaced after 50 hours at most. For an aircraft that can fly for four or five hours, every four or five flights, it will It is definitely a big project to deal with the chrysanthemum of the aircraft, which is expensive and time-consuming.
Even now, the lifespan of the vector nozzle is not very long. The domestically produced J-20 has not installed such immature things on the aircraft. Everyone is still very sensible.
“The design of our aircraft is very good. It can fly to 9G easily just by relying on this aerodynamic shape. If we add a vector nozzle, I’m afraid it will easily stun the aircraft.” Qin Tao said at the side.
In fact, vector nozzles are not used very frequently in modern fighters. Although they are highly maneuverable, the pilot's body has limitations! Moreover, high-value aircraft rarely engage in close combat. If a horse stumbles, the loss will be great. They usually fire from a distance. Once caught in a close combat, they can fly away at supersonic speed at any time.
In many confrontation trainings, European pilots were helpless when facing the F22. As long as the F22 turned on supersonic cruise, it meant waving goodbye. They couldn't catch up if they wanted to, and the initiative was entirely in the hands of the F22.
“I just don’t know if our plane can cruise at supersonic speed?” Qin Tao continued to ask.
It doesn’t matter whether it has a vector nozzle or not, but as a fourth-generation heavy-duty aircraft, it must have supersonic cruise capabilities, right?
“The supersonic cruise capability mainly depends on the aircraft’s appearance design and engine.” Mr. Song said: “The appearance design of our aircraft is longer and has less resistance. The next step is to look at the engine.”
The J-20, a fourth-generation heavy-duty stealth aircraft, is slightly larger than the F22. There is no way around it. The canards, side wings, and main wings all add up to a very long length. Moreover, Dongfang’s engine is not powerful and the fuel consumption is very low. The consumption rate is higher. In order to maintain sufficient range, the body can only be enlarged.
The body of the machine is like this. Next, let’s look at the engine.
"Is the performance of our engine okay?" Mr. Lin asked anxiously. This is what he is most concerned about. You, Mr. Song, should hurry up and say it.
"Currently, we are using two turbofan 15s. According to theoretical derivation, at an altitude of 10,000 meters, the aircraft should be able to fly to Mach 1.3 without afterburner. When we improve the turbofans 15 Only after A is installed can it fly to Mach 1.5.”
The maximum speed of the fighter cannot be used for cruising, because the afterburner must be turned on at the maximum speed. At this time, the fuel carried by the fighter will be consumed at an alarming rate: specifically, the famous Tomcat fighter can be used. If it is turned on If it reaches afterburner 5, even if the plane is fully loaded with fuel, it will burn up in three minutes. This is much more powerful than a certain Zhijie that stepped on the accelerator and hit the fuel tank.
In addition to consuming too much fuel, the engine cannot bear it, and the afterburner can only burn briefly. Only a pervert like the MiG-25 can continue to use afterburner to exceed Mach 2.5. Relying on more than ten tons of internal fuel to burn continuously, nothing else can compare.
General fighter planes can fly to supersonic speeds with afterburner turned on, and can even reach Mach 2 or above. However, currently only the F-22 can fly at supersonic speeds without using afterburner.
This kind of fighter aircraft relies on the incredible F119 engine. Its maximum thrust per unit is 104 kilonewtons, its afterburning thrust is 156 kilonewtons, and its thrust-to-weight ratio exceeds 10. Just looking at the maximum thrust, it can reach 104 kilonewtons when no afterburner is turned on, which shows how powerful it is. Ordinary large thrust is only about 60 to 70 kilonewtons when no afterburner is turned on. The force is just over 100 kN.
F119 does not use afterburner, just like many engines with afterburner. Of course, it can fly at supersonic speeds.
The only turbofan currently available in China is the 15-inch turbofan. The afterburner thrust is large enough, but it is heavy. The thrust without afterburner is not as good as that of the F119.
So, it can only fly at supersonic speeds up to Mach 1.3.
“For supersonic cruise, flying to Mach 1.3 is enough.” Qin Tao said.
He just said this to comfort people, but Mr. Song was very surprised: "Mr. Qin, it seems that you are really an all-rounder and know everything. You also know that Mach 1.3 is the dividing line!"
At transonic speeds, air shock waves will be generated, which is the unique cone-shaped structure that appears on the nose of the aircraft in some photos. Only when it exceeds Mach 1.3, the airflow will become smoother. After exceeding Mach 1.3, the fighter can Carry out maneuvers calmly, especially when launching missiles, without worrying about being bounced back from the wall of compressed airflow flying towards you. It can be said that Mach 1.3 is the dividing line of supersonic speed. If you exceed it, it will be calm, but if you cannot exceed it, it will be a storm.